![]() The Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition of 1872–74 was the first to announce the discovery of the islands. Schilling proposed in 1865 that the ice conditions in the Barents Sea could only be explained if there was another land mass in the area, but he never received funding for an expedition. It was at the time common to keep newly discovered areas secret, as their discovery was aimed at exploiting them for sealing and whaling, and exposure would cause competitors to flock to the site. The account is believed to be factual, but an announcement of the discovery was never made, and their sighting therefore remained unknown to subsequent explorers. They sailed northeast from Svalbard in 1865 searching for suitable sealing sites and found land which was most likely Franz Josef Land. The first was the Norwegian sealing vessel Spidsbergen, with captain Nils Fredrik Rønnbeck and harpooner Johan Petter Aidijärvi. There are two candidates for the discovery of Franz Josef Land. The islands have been a nature sanctuary since 1994 and became part of the Russian Arctic National Park in 2012. With the Cold War, the islands became off limits for foreigners and two military airfields were built. The Kingdom of Norway rejected the claim and several private expeditions were sent to the islands. The islands, then under the name Fridtjof Nansen Land, were annexed by the Soviet Union in 1926, who settled small outposts for research and military purposes. The first reported finding was in the 1873 Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition led by Julius von Payer and Karl Weyprecht, who named the area after Emperor Franz Joseph I. The archipelago was first spotted by the Norwegian sealers Nils Fredrik Rønnbeck and Johan Petter Aidijärvi in 1865, although they did not report their finding. The highest elevations are found in the eastern group, with the highest point located on Wilczek Land, 670 meters (2,200 ft) above mean sea level. Cape Fligely on Rudolf Island is the northernmost point of the Eastern Hemisphere. Compared to other Arctic archipelagos, Franz Joseph Land has a high dissection rate of 3.6 square kilometers per coastline kilometer. ![]() The islands have a combined coastline of 4,425 kilometers (2,750 mi). Map of Franz Josef Land Arkhangelsk Oblast RussiaĮighty-five percent of the archipelago is glaciated, with large unglaciated areas being located on the largest islands and many of the smallest islands.Franz josef land archipelago in arctic russia hd travel.The largest island is George Land, which measures 2,741 square kilometers (1,058 sq mi), followed by Wilczek Land, Graham Bell Island and Alexandra Land. ![]() The central group is further divided into a northern and southern section by the Markham Strait. The islands are categorized in three groups, a western, central and eastern, separated by the British Channel and the Austrian Strait. It consists of 191 islands, which cover an area of 16,134 square kilometers (6,229 sq mi), stretching 375 kilometers (233 mi) from east to west and 234 kilometers (145 mi) from north to south. Franz Josef Land, Franz Joseph Land or Francis Joseph's Land (Russian: Земля́ Фра́нца-Ио́сифа, Zemlya Frantsa-Iosifa) is an archipelago, inhabited only by Russian military base personnel, located in the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea and Kara Sea, constituting the northernmost part of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. ![]()
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